BY JOHN FLAVEL
作者：约翰·弗拉维尔
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THAT catechising is an ordinance of God, few will doubt, when they consider the apostles did first lay the fundamentals of religion; Heb. 6:1.
当人们考虑到使徒们首先奠定了宗教的基础时，很少有人会怀疑教理问答是上帝的律例；希伯来书6:1。
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And “fed babes with milk, teaching them the first principles of the oracles of God,” Heb. 5:12 and questionless taught them in that manner, which was most suitable to the capacity of the learners, which may be well supposed to be by plain and short questions, and suitable answers thereunto;
并且”用奶喂养婴孩，教导他们神谕的基本原则”，希伯来书5:12，无疑是以最适合学习者能力的方式教导他们，这可以很好地假定是通过简单简短的问题和相应的答案来进行的；
and therefore this hath been a constant practice in the church of God; and the primitive church had a particular person appropriated thereunto, whom they called Catechist.
因此，这一直是上帝教会中的一种持续性做法；原始教会还有一个专门负责这项工作的人，他们称之为教理问答者。
And so all well-governed, and wisely-managed churches, have still maintained and used it, as knowing the necessity and usefulness thereof; for the younger sort to inform them in the principles of that religion where into they were baptized; and for the establishment of the adult and more aged therein.
因此，所有管理良好、运作明智的教会仍然保持和使用这种做法，因为他们知道其必要性和有用性；对于年轻人来说，是为了告知他们受洗时所进入的宗教的原则；对于成年人和年长者来说，则是为了在其中建立他们的信仰。
Hence have issued those little composures of all the fundamental doctrines of faith and practice so handled (which we call Catechisms) in the churches; and particularly in ours, whereof there are many and divers, whose authors have well deserved for their endeavours to inform and edify the people thereby.
因此，在教会中出现了那些包含所有基本信仰和实践教义的小册子（我们称之为教理问答），特别是在我们的教会中，有许多不同的版本，其作者因努力通过这些教理问答来教导和启发人们而受到赞誉。
Here’s the sentence-by-sentence translation:
But among them all, none excel this little Catechism of the Assembly for orthodoxy, fulness, and method.
但在所有这些中，没有一个能在正统性、完整性和方法上超越这本大会的小要理问答。
And because the answers therein are some of them pretty large, and treat of the most profound mysteries of our religion; therefore several persons have bestowed their good and laudable pains, some in descanting more largely, and proving by scriptural reasons the particulars: one has shown the harmony thereof with the articles and homilies of the church of England (designed, I suppose, to remove the prejudice which some have taken against it:) others have parted the questions and answers into several little ones, under each, to make them more intelligible to younger ones, and more easy to be remembered.
由于其中的一些答案相当长，并且涉及我们宗教中最深奥的奥秘；因此，一些人付出了值得称赞的努力，有些人更广泛地阐述，并用圣经理由证明细节：有人展示了它与英国国教会的条款和讲道的和谐（我猜想，这是为了消除一些人对它的偏见）：还有人将问题和答案分成几个小部分，使它们对年轻人更容易理解，更容易记忆。
Among whom, worthy, orthodox, and excellent Mr. John Flavel may be ranked, who among other of his many most profitable labours, applied himself to the chewing of this bread of life, or crumbling it into smaller pieces, for the covenience of children, and, indeed, of all; wherein (as in all his other works) he hath shewn himself a workman, that needs not to be ashamed.
其中，值得尊敬、正统和杰出的约翰·弗拉维尔先生可以被列入其中，他在众多最有益的工作中，致力于咀嚼这生命之粮，或将其碎成更小的片段，为了孩子们的方便，事实上，为了所有人；在这里（就像在他所有其他作品中一样），他表现出自己是一个无需惭愧的工人。
There needs no other recommendation to this posthumous piece, but the worthy author’s name; he was removed before he had completely finished it; he had prepared his questions and answers upon the second petition of the Lord’s Prayer; but lived not to propose them in the public congregation.
这篇遗作不需要其他推荐，仅凭这位值得尊敬的作者的名字就足够了；他在完全完成它之前就离世了；他已经准备好了关于主祷文第二个祈求的问题和答案；但没能活着在公众集会中提出它们。
God then translated him into his kingdom of glory above, while he was so industriously endeavouring to promote the kingdom of grace below.
当他如此勤奋地努力在下面推广恩典的国度时，上帝将他提升到上面荣耀的国度。
The other five remaining questions and answers (to complete the work) were done by a ruder hand; as may be easily discerned by any observant reader, who will find himself transferred from a plain, clear, and delightful stile, method, and manner, into more rough, disorderly, and unpleasant ones; for, who indeed could equal this divine labourer?
剩下的五个问题和答案（以完成这项工作）是由一个较为粗糙的手完成的；任何细心的读者都可以轻易辨别出来，他会发现自己从一种简单、清晰和愉悦的风格、方法和方式转变为更加粗糙、混乱和不愉快的风格；因为，谁能真正与这位神圣的劳动者相提并论呢？
Not the completer; who would account himself to have made very great attainments in divinity and usefulness, if he were left but a few furlongs behind him.
不是完成者；如果他只落后几英里，他就会认为自己在神学和实用性方面取得了很大的成就。
Let the reader use and peruse this piece, and he wall see cause to bless God for the author.
让读者使用并仔细阅读这篇作品，他将看到因作者而感谢上帝的理由。
VALE.
再见。
Table of Contents
目录
The Preface
序言
To the Reader
致读者
Of Man’s Chief End
人的最高目标
Of the Scriptures as our Rule
以圣经为我们的准则
Of Faith and Obedience
信心和顺服
God is a Spirit
上帝是灵
Of God’s Infinity
上帝的无限
Eternal
永恒
Of God’s Unchangeableness
上帝的不变性
Of God’s Wisdom
上帝的智慧
Of God’s Power
上帝的能力
Of God’s Holiness
上帝的圣洁
Of God’s Justice
上帝的公义
Of God’s Goodness
上帝的良善
Of God’s Truth
上帝的真理
Of One God
独一上帝
Of Three Persons in the Godhead
三位一体
Of God’s Decrees
上帝的旨意
Of the Creation
创造
Of Man’s Creation
人的创造
Of Divine Providence
神的护理
Of the Covenant of Works
行为之约
Of the Fall of Man
人的堕落
Of Sin
罪
Of the Tree of Knowledge
知识树
Of the Fall of Adam, and ours in him
亚当及我们在他里面的堕落
Of Original Sin
原罪
Of Man’s Misery
人的悲惨
Of the Salvation of God’s Elect, and of the Covenant of Grace
上帝选民的救赎和恩典之约
Of the Covenant of Grace
恩典之约
Of the only Redeemer
唯一的救赎主
Of Christ’s Incarnation
基督的道成肉身
Of the Manner of Christ’s Incarnation
基督道成肉身的方式
Of Christ’s Offices
基督的职分
Of Christ’s Prophetical Office
基督的先知职分
Of Christ’s Priesthood
基督的祭司职分
Of Christ’s Kingly Office
基督的君王职分
Of Christ’s Humiliation
基督的降卑
Of Christ’s Exaltation
基督的升高
The second Part of the 28th Question of Christ’s exaltation
基督升高的第二部分
Of the Application of Christ
基督的应用
Of our Union with Christ
我们与基督的联合
Of Effectual Calling
有效的呼召
Of the Concomitants of Vocation
呼召的伴随
Of Justification
称义
Of Adoption
收养
Of Sanctification
成圣
Of Assurance, the Fruit of Justification
确据，称义的果实
Of Peace of Conscience
良心的平安
Of Joy in the Holy Ghost
圣灵的喜乐
Of the Increase of Grace
恩典的增长
Of Perseverance
坚忍
Of Perfection at Death
死时的完全
Of Immediate Glorification
立即的荣耀化
Of Rest in the Grave
坟墓中的安息
Of the Resurrection
复活
Of Christ’s Acknowledging Believers
基督认可信徒
Of Christ’s Acquitting Believers
基督赦免信徒
Of the Full Enjoyment of God
完全享有上帝
Of Man’s Duty to God
人对上帝的责任
Of the Moral Law
道德律法
Of Love to God and Man
对上帝和人的爱
Of the Preface to the Ten Commandments
十诫序言
Of the First Commandment
第一诫
Of the Second Commandment
第二诫
Of the Third Commandment
第三诫
Of the Sabbath
安息日
Of the Sabbath II
安息日续
Of the Fifth Commandment
第五诫
Of the Sixth Commandment
第六诫
Of the Seventh Commandment
第七诫
Of the Eighth Commandment
第八诫
Of the Ninth Commandment
第九诫
Of the Tenth Commandment
第十诫
Of Keeping the Law
遵守律法
Of the Inequality of Sin
罪的不平等
Of the Demerit of Sin
罪的应得报应
Of What God Requires of Us
上帝要求我们做什么
Of Saving Faith
得救的信心
Of the Properties, Signs, and Means of Faith
信心的特性、标志和途径
Of Saving Repentance
得救的悔改
Of Christ’s Ordinances
基督的条例
Of the Word Read and Heard
读经和听道
Of the Manner of Hearing
听道的方式
Of Sacraments as Means of Salvation
圣礼作为救赎的途径
Of the Nature of Sacraments
圣礼的本质
Of the Number of Sacraments
圣礼的数量
Of Baptism
洗礼
Of the Subjects of Baptism
受洗对象
Of the Lord’s Supper
圣餐
Of the Elements, Action, and Subjects of it
圣餐的元素、行动和参与者
Of the Duties of Communicants
领圣餐的责任
Of Prayer
祷告
Of Direction in Prayer
祷告的指引
Of the Preface to the Lord’s Prayer
主祷文的序言
Of Sanctifying God’s Name
使上帝的名被尊为圣
Of God’s Kingdom
上帝的国度
Concerning the Doing of God’s Will
关于遵行上帝的旨意
Concerning our Daily Bread
关于我们的日用饮食
Concerning Forgiveness of Sins
关于罪的赦免
Of God’s Leading us into Temptation
关于上帝引领我们进入试探
Of the Conclusion
结论